Key Idea.
Section 1
Heating Increases Molecular Speed
Heating is the process of transferring energy into a substance. As molecules absorb this incoming energy, their kinetic energy increases.
This boost in energy causes them to move faster. If they gain enough speed, they may eventually break out of their rigid structures, leading to a phase change.
Section 2
Temperature as an Average
Temperature acts as a speedometer for molecules. It measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
A high temperature reading indicates that, on average, the molecules are moving violently. A low temperature indicates sluggish movement. Thus, a thermometer provides a window into the speed of the invisible particles.
Expand to review the lesson summary and core properties.
Section 1
Heating Increases Molecular Speed
Heating is the process of transferring energy into a substance. As molecules absorb this incoming energy, their kinetic energy increases.
This boost in energy causes them to move faster. If they gain enough speed, they may eventually break out of their rigid structures, leading to a phase change.
Section 2
Temperature as an Average
Temperature acts as a speedometer for molecules. It measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
A high temperature reading indicates that, on average, the molecules are moving violently. A low temperature indicates sluggish movement. Thus, a thermometer provides a window into the speed of the invisible particles.