In this Grade 4 Eureka Math lesson from Chapter 5, students practice using place value understanding to decompose larger units into smaller ones multiple times across all places when applying the standard subtraction algorithm to multi-digit whole numbers. Students work through problems such as 253,421 minus 75,832, regrouping across up to five columns including ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, and ten thousands. They also use tape diagrams to model and solve subtraction word problems, reinforcing the connection between visual representations and the algorithm.
Section 1
Modeling Subtraction with Tape Diagrams
A tape diagram for subtraction illustrates the relationship . In a subtraction problem, the total amount is the , and the number being subtracted is a known . The goal is to find the unknown , which is the difference:
Section 2
Subtracting Whole Numbers with Multiple Decompositions
To subtract multi-digit numbers, align them by place value and subtract column by column from right to left. If a top digit is smaller than the bottom digit, decompose 1 unit from the place to the left, which is equivalent to adding 10 to the current place. This process may need to be repeated multiple times, including across places with a value of zero.
Expand to review the lesson summary and core properties.
Section 1
Modeling Subtraction with Tape Diagrams
A tape diagram for subtraction illustrates the relationship . In a subtraction problem, the total amount is the , and the number being subtracted is a known . The goal is to find the unknown , which is the difference:
Section 2
Subtracting Whole Numbers with Multiple Decompositions
To subtract multi-digit numbers, align them by place value and subtract column by column from right to left. If a top digit is smaller than the bottom digit, decompose 1 unit from the place to the left, which is equivalent to adding 10 to the current place. This process may need to be repeated multiple times, including across places with a value of zero.