An indirect effect in an ecosystem occurs when one population influences another...

through a shared, non-living resource.

by directly competing for territory.

via an intermediary population.

through a symbiotic relationship like mutualism.

In a simple food chain, owls eat snakes and snakes eat mice. If a disease were to wipe out most of the owl population, what would be the most likely indirect effect on the mouse population?

The mouse population would decrease.

The mouse population would increase.

The mouse population would not change.

The mice would be eaten by a new predator.

The fish population will decrease because there will be more seals to eat them.

The fish population will increase because the seals will have fewer predators.

The fish population will remain unchanged because sharks do not eat fish directly.

The seal population will also decrease, causing the fish population to increase.

The clover population will increase.

The clover population will decrease.

The clover population will be unaffected.

The foxes will begin to eat the clover.