On a sunny day, a black asphalt road becomes much hotter than a light-colored concrete sidewalk. What is the primary reason for this temperature difference?

The asphalt absorbs more of the sun's energy and converts it to heat.

The concrete reflects heat from the air more effectively than the asphalt.

The asphalt is denser, allowing it to store more initial heat from the ground.

The light color of the sidewalk causes sunlight to be converted directly into chemical energy.

A student places two identical thermometers on a sunny windowsill. She covers the bulb of one thermometer with a piece of black paper and the other with a piece of white paper. After 15 minutes, which thermometer will likely show a higher temperature reading and why?

The one under the white paper, because white is the combination of all colors of light.

They will show the same temperature, as they are in the same location.

The one under the black paper, because the black paper absorbs more light energy.

The one under the white paper, because it traps heat more effectively.

The roof of a building in a hot, tropical climate.

The surface of a solar water heater panel.

The paint on a car meant to be parked in a sunny desert.

The material for a summer tent.

Chemical energy to heat energy.

Kinetic energy to potential energy.

Using dark-colored shingles for all new roofs.

Painting roofs and roads with light-colored, reflective coatings.

Increasing the number of glass windows on buildings.

Constructing buildings closer together to create more shade.