A large block of steel and a small steel ball bearing are both heated to exactly 150°C. Which statement accurately compares their thermal energy?

Both objects have the same thermal energy because they are at the same temperature.

The large block of steel has more thermal energy because it contains significantly more molecules.

The ball bearing has more thermal energy because its smaller size concentrates the energy more effectively.

It's impossible to compare their thermal energy without knowing how long they were heated.

An iceberg at 0°C is floating in the ocean. Nearby, a volcanologist collects a small cup of molten lava at 1200°C. Which object is likely to have more total thermal energy and why?

The cup of lava, because its temperature is extremely high.

The iceberg, because its enormous mass means it has a vastly larger number of molecules.

They have the same thermal energy because the iceberg's mass is balanced by the lava's temperature.

Neither has thermal energy until it begins to transfer heat to its surroundings.

The molecules in the more massive object move faster.

It contains a greater total number of molecules.

The pressure inside the massive object is greater.

Its larger surface area allows it to store more heat.

Temperature is a measure of the average energy of the molecules.

Temperature is the same as heat and is measured in Joules.

Temperature is determined by the mass of an object, not its energy.

The statement is correct and needs no changes.

Temperature measures the total kinetic energy of all its molecules, while thermal energy measures their average kinetic energy.

Thermal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy of all its molecules, while temperature is a measure of their average kinetic energy.

Temperature and thermal energy are identical properties, but they are measured in different units.

Thermal energy is determined by an object's mass only, while temperature is determined by its molecular motion only.