A geologist finds identical, non-aquatic plant fossils in both South America and Africa. Based on the concept of 'puzzling patterns', what is the most likely initial hypothesis?

The plant's seeds were carried across the ocean by birds.

The two continents were once joined together.

The same plant species evolved independently on both continents.

The fossils were transported by ancient humans.

In a scientific context, what is the best description of a 'puzzling pattern'?

A calculation that results in an incorrect answer

An observation that seems to contradict established scientific principles or logical explanations

A laboratory experiment that fails to produce any results

A type of decorative design found in ancient rock formations

Because Mesosaurus was a large dinosaur capable of migrating long distances.

Because the fossils were found in rock layers of different ages, which is unusual.

Because Mesosaurus was a small, freshwater reptile that could not have swum across a massive ocean.

Because fossils are typically unique to a single location and are never found in multiple places.

To determine the exact age of the fossils

To look for signs of a global flood

To reconstruct past events and understand how Earth's surface has changed

A student successfully follows a procedure to measure the density of water.

A scientist observes that a specific type of mountain range exists on the coasts of two widely separated continents.

A chemist mixes two chemicals and correctly predicts the outcome based on known reaction principles.

An astronomer uses a telescope to view the moons of Jupiter, which were discovered centuries ago.