What major external pressure was a key factor in the downfall of the Western Roman Empire?

Widespread peasant revolts across all provinces

A series of devastating natural disasters

Constant invasions by various Germanic tribes

Naval blockades by the Persian Empire

The fall of the last Roman emperor in the west in 476 CE directly led to which outcome for that region?

The immediate establishment of the Holy Roman Empire

A period of political fragmentation and chaos

The rapid conquest of the entire region by the Byzantine Empire

A cultural and artistic golden age known as the Roman Renaissance