What is the primary factor that determines if a new, randomly-arisen trait becomes more common in a population?

The complexity of the mutation.

The organism's will to survive.

Its effect on survival and reproduction.

The speed at which the mutation occurred.

Which statement best describes the roles of randomness and non-randomness in natural selection?

The entire process is random, from the appearance of a trait to its survival.

The appearance of a new trait through mutation is random, but its subsequent survival and spread are determined by environmental pressures.

The environment randomly selects which traits will survive, but the traits themselves appear in a predictable, non-random order.

Both the arrival of new traits and their survival are non-random processes directed by the needs of the organism.

Because all mutations are initially harmful.

Because the darker fur makes the fox stand out to predators against the snow.

Because the fox's parents did not have the trait.

Because the environment will change to favor the darker fur.

The mutations that occur are always the ones that the organism needs most at that time.

Over many generations, the environment favors the survival of individuals with beneficial mutations, causing those traits to become more common.

Random mutations accumulate over time, and eventually, a perfect combination appears all at once.

The environment causes specific, non-random mutations to occur that directly improve an organism's fit.