Why was the ship's crew often extremely cruel to the captured Africans?

To teach them skills for their future work

To maintain control and prevent uprisings

Because they were following international laws

To prepare them for the climate in the Americas

The term 'Middle Passage' refers to which part of an enslaved person's journey?

The forced march from their village to the African coast

The ship voyage across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas

The sale at an auction block in the colonies

The first year of labor on a colonial plantation

Frequent storms that caused ships to sink

Organized revolts that were rarely successful

The rapid spread of disease in crowded, filthy conditions

Attacks on the ships by pirates and rival traders

They believed the Africans were valuable guests on the ship.

They saw the captured people as human beings with rights.

They considered the Africans to be property to be sold for profit, not people.

They were under orders to provide comfort and care during the journey.

They were given small private cabins with basic beds.

They were chained together in dark, crowded spaces with no room to stand.

They had freedom to walk around the lower deck during the day.

They were kept in clean areas with plenty of fresh air and food.