Which of the following mathematical concepts was a key intellectual contribution from the Gupta Empire?

The invention of the abacus for calculation

The development of the concept of zero

The formulation of the Pythagorean theorem

The principles of Euclidean geometry

What significant discovery in astronomy was made by scientists during the Gupta Golden Age?

They proved that the Earth was round.

They identified the moons of Jupiter.

They proposed a heliocentric model of the solar system.

They were the first to accurately predict solar eclipses.

were used exclusively for religious texts and ceremonies.

were the first symbols ever used to represent numbers.

formed the basis for the numerical system used globally today.

could only be understood by a small group of educated scholars.