The Number Line: Negative Numbers
Negative numbers extend the number line to the left of zero. In Grade 6 Saxon Math Course 1, zero is the origin, positive numbers increase to the right, and negative numbers decrease to the left. Each negative number is the opposite of its corresponding positive: −3 is 3 units left of zero. The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero, so |−5| = 5. Negative numbers model real-world situations such as below-zero temperatures, depth below sea level, and debt.
Key Concepts
New Concept A negative number is a real number that is less than zero, representing the opposite of a positive number.
The points to the left of zero represent negative numbers . What’s next Soon, we'll use the number line for a visual breakdown of comparing, ordering, and subtracting with negative numbers in worked examples.
Common Questions
Where are negative numbers on the number line?
To the left of zero. The further left, the smaller (more negative) the number.
What is the absolute value of −5?
|−5| = 5. Absolute value measures distance from zero, always non-negative.
Which is further from zero: −8 or 3?
|−8| = 8 and |3| = 3. So −8 is further from zero.
Give three real-world examples of negative numbers.
−20°C (temperature below zero), −500 m (depth below sea level), and −$200 (debt of $200).
What is the opposite of −6?
6. The opposite of a negative number is the corresponding positive number.