Learn on PengiElements of Language, 2nd CourseChapter 4: Complements: Direct and Indirect Objects, Subject Complements

Lesson 4: Predicate Adjectives

In this Grade 5 grammar lesson from Elements of Language, 2nd Course, students learn to identify predicate adjectives — adjectives that appear in the predicate and describe the subject by completing the meaning of a linking verb. The lesson covers common linking verbs such as is, appear, seem, and feel, and introduces compound predicate adjectives, where two or more adjectives together describe the subject. Practice exercises guide students to recognize predicate adjectives in statements, questions, and exclamatory sentences across a variety of contexts.

Section 1

Predicate Adjectives

Definition

A predicate adjective is an adjective that is in the predicate and that describes the subject.

Explanation

Think of a predicate adjective as a special describing word that follows a linking verb (like is, seems, feels, or looks). Instead of being right next to the noun it describes, it's in the predicate part of the sentence, but it always points back to describe the subject. Sometimes, you can have more than one, which is called a compound predicate adjective!

Examples

  • The soup smells delicious. [The adjective delicious follows the linking verb smells and describes the subject soup.]
  • Are the students ready? [The adjective ready follows the linking verb Are and describes the subject students.]
  • The kittens were tiny and playful. [The adjectives tiny and playful form a compound predicate adjective describing the subject kittens.]
  • How bright that star is! [The adjective bright describes the subject star and follows the linking verb is.]

Section 2

Predicate Nominatives and Predicate Adjectives

Definition

A predicate nominative is a word or word group that is in the predicate and that identifies the subject or refers to it. A predicate adjective is an adjective that is in the predicate and that describes the subject.

Explanation

Both of these follow a linking verb, but they do different jobs! A predicate nominative is a noun or pronoun that renames the subject.
Think: "subject = something else."
A predicate adjective, on the other hand, is an adjective that describes the subject.
Think: "subject is like this." It's the difference between identifying what something is and describing what it's like.

Examples

  • The team captain is Leo. [Predicate Nominative: The noun Leo renames the subject captain.]
  • The team captain is confident. [Predicate Adjective: The adjective confident describes the subject captain.]
  • My favorite holiday is Thanksgiving. [Predicate Nominative: The noun Thanksgiving renames the subject holiday.]
  • The holiday was peaceful and fun. [Predicate Adjective: The adjectives peaceful and fun describe the subject holiday.]

Book overview

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Chapter 4: Complements: Direct and Indirect Objects, Subject Complements

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Recognizing Complements

  2. Lesson 2

    Lesson 2: Objects of Verbs: Direct Objects, Indirect Objects

  3. Lesson 3

    Lesson 3: Predicate Nominatives

  4. Lesson 4Current

    Lesson 4: Predicate Adjectives

Lesson overview

Expand to review the lesson summary and core properties.

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Section 1

Predicate Adjectives

Definition

A predicate adjective is an adjective that is in the predicate and that describes the subject.

Explanation

Think of a predicate adjective as a special describing word that follows a linking verb (like is, seems, feels, or looks). Instead of being right next to the noun it describes, it's in the predicate part of the sentence, but it always points back to describe the subject. Sometimes, you can have more than one, which is called a compound predicate adjective!

Examples

  • The soup smells delicious. [The adjective delicious follows the linking verb smells and describes the subject soup.]
  • Are the students ready? [The adjective ready follows the linking verb Are and describes the subject students.]
  • The kittens were tiny and playful. [The adjectives tiny and playful form a compound predicate adjective describing the subject kittens.]
  • How bright that star is! [The adjective bright describes the subject star and follows the linking verb is.]

Section 2

Predicate Nominatives and Predicate Adjectives

Definition

A predicate nominative is a word or word group that is in the predicate and that identifies the subject or refers to it. A predicate adjective is an adjective that is in the predicate and that describes the subject.

Explanation

Both of these follow a linking verb, but they do different jobs! A predicate nominative is a noun or pronoun that renames the subject.
Think: "subject = something else."
A predicate adjective, on the other hand, is an adjective that describes the subject.
Think: "subject is like this." It's the difference between identifying what something is and describing what it's like.

Examples

  • The team captain is Leo. [Predicate Nominative: The noun Leo renames the subject captain.]
  • The team captain is confident. [Predicate Adjective: The adjective confident describes the subject captain.]
  • My favorite holiday is Thanksgiving. [Predicate Nominative: The noun Thanksgiving renames the subject holiday.]
  • The holiday was peaceful and fun. [Predicate Adjective: The adjectives peaceful and fun describe the subject holiday.]

Book overview

Jump across lessons in the current chapter without opening the full course modal.

Continue this chapter

Chapter 4: Complements: Direct and Indirect Objects, Subject Complements

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Recognizing Complements

  2. Lesson 2

    Lesson 2: Objects of Verbs: Direct Objects, Indirect Objects

  3. Lesson 3

    Lesson 3: Predicate Nominatives

  4. Lesson 4Current

    Lesson 4: Predicate Adjectives